Friday, 15 May 2009

The "Woman Question" and the Bronte sisters

The literature of the Victorian era was influenced by four major areas of concern that arose as a result of the great social changes occurring during the period. These areas were: the effects of the Industrial revolution, which included a widening gap between the rich and the poor; the crisis of faith, and the Victorians' clinging on to their religious beliefs ever more firmly after the publication of Darwin's "On the Origin of the Species" in 1857; the "Woman Question", with opposing voices being raised against the ideal Victorian woman; and the expansion of the British Empire.


The Bronte sisters, who were born and brought up in a remote part of England, developed female characters in their novels that were against the norm. Jane Eyre experiences an internal rebellion against the limitations of women's lot in life. She decrees that women, like men, need to be able to use their intelligence productively and to be able to achieve things in life in order to be happy. She defiantly protests against Mr Rochester's showers of gifts before their wedding, feeling that she was being "bought" with silk and jewels.

While Jane Austen granted some freedom of choice to her characters, they are all eventually married in a manner conventionally acceptable at that time (think about Lizzie and Jane Bennet, and Elinor and Marianne Dashwood). Lydia Bennet's shameful elopement remains rather peripheral in comparison, and her actions are clearly not commended. The Bronte characters are entirely different. Jane Eyre marries a widower who is essentialy crippled after the fire caused by his late wife; the central love story in Emily's "Wuthering Heights" is between the Byronic hero Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw, who dies half way through the novel. On Heathcliff's death toward the end of the novel, the two spirits are reunited and frequently reported to have been sighted roaming the lonely Yorkshire moors. Very different.

Heathcliff pining for Cathy.


51 comments:

ali erdönmez said...

The limitations of women has always a serious problem for humanbeing.The debates have started out from the Adam and Eve.In the era of Victoria,women even could not write their gender or name at the end of the essays.Suprisngly,this unjustice was voiced by Bronte sisters.There is remerkable phonomena for fighting against the bordes or limits surrounding yourself.History witnessed these weird events.We first gave rihgts to women than took them interestingly.Do you know that the firs written treaty in the history (ramses-hattuşili)was also signed a the wife of hattusili.Who is the most civilized I wonder ??

Unknown said...

I read the book Jane Eyre when I was at tenth grade. and I liked it so much. now, I understand that Charlotte Bronte expresses her feelings with this novel. Women have problems in society. They always want to be free. If they had been given rights that time,they would have contribute more than this...

Unknown said...

Women rights were very limited at those times. They lost their all civil rights when they got married. Jane Eyre criticized the limitations of women and she expressed her opposition to this in her book very effectively.
Yasemin YILMAZ

aysun musoglu said...

ın victorian era, there were limitations for woman rights. They were responsible for cleaning,cooking. Laws gave woman's rights to her husband after marriage. the Bronte Sisters wrote very different things which the woman couldn't do in that era. we can see these things in Jane Eyre. I read it in 6th grade, it was really good, ı enjod it. now, ı decided to read "Wuthering Heights" by Emily Bronte.

ebru polat said...

Bronte sisters were the fresh breath of the literature.Their works are pioneer of the fight
against the inustice.If I have any chance,I will exactly read all of them.

Unknown said...

The women in the 19th century lived in an age characterized by gender inequality. At that time women were born, raised and educated to become wives, and nothing else. But in the novel of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, there are rebellions of women against the limitations of their fates. In the novel, there is a longing for meeting other people, and for having more experience than they have possessed. And also, Jane Eyre who is in the search for freedom struggles with the question of what type of freedom she wants. She wants to change her destiny, while millions of people stay silent. Charlotte Bronte puts the characters in different situations, and enables us to see how they react. I also liked the phrases from Jane Eyre; gazelle-eyes, houri forms..:))

medine said...

what ı first heard about them were that they were ugly and died young. they were all true as ı learned, but it is a fact that they did a good job. we learn their life styles, the condition of their time and the women's place at that time. emotions were impressive in both of the books(wuthering heights and Jane Eyre)

TÜLİN GÜLER said...

as we see in these sisters life, even in that era life conditions and social statu are different from males.because of that sex discrimination,these women had to use male names.history witnessed all of discrimination but this era doesnt stop these sisters to be very famous writers along the world..

Unknown said...

I also read the book Jane Eyre when I was in high school.It was the firs english book that I was read that time.I did not have a background then now I know about it much. Women rights were very limited that time. It is worth reading.
HATİCE ERDOĞAN

nurhayat said...

there wasn't equalilty between women and men in 19th century. woman rights are always limited.Jane Eyre reflected the role of women in Victorian period.

ilyas YILMAZCAN said...

Jane Eyre according to me is like "Çalıkuşu"(feride)in Turkish literature.Both of them experience harsh times and face unlucky events that every women can encounter during their lifetime;however get victory at the end.Both of them show us indirectly that women are at least as strong as men.

Unknown said...

"Bronte Sisters" this book is very good, and when we studied it in the class,I learnt that in that times women writers didn't publish their book using their name.They used male names.I think it is the most interesting thing.Women produce some good things,but unfortunatelt they couldn't use their name.

hatice özbaşı said...

I also read the book of Jane Eyre but it was translation .I can remember the story .The story is dealt with violance and crime Bronte sisters.They early lost their mother and their father was cold , violent.The limitation of women in society was criticized in book .I liked the storhe when I was read the book.

meryem gündüz said...

Jane Eyre hrdly seems to stuff from which revolutions are made, but the story is very much about the nature of human freedom and equality, and if Jane Eyre was seen as something of renegade in 19th century England, it is because hervstory is that of woman who struggles for self-definition and determination in a society that too often denies her that right.

nurhayat said...

"THE story of the Brontes is one of the saddest in the annals of literature. They were the children of a father who was both cold and violent, and of a gentle, sickly mother, early lost. They were reared amid surroundings the most gloomy and unhealthful, and cursed as they grew older with a brother who brought them shame and sorrow in return for the love they lavished upon him. Their very genius seemed a product of disease, and often their finest pages are marred by a bitter savor of its origin. Their stories deal with suffering, endurance, or rebellion against fate; with violence, with crime and its punishment. In treating such subjects, these three quiet, patient daughters of a country parson found themselves quite at home." I only want to share because ıt includes a short summary of novel.

Anonymous said...

I appreciate Jane Eyre's response to Mr.Rochester's behaviors before the wedding.I am sure she had liked the gifts,if Mr. Rochester wouldn't have exaggerated. I think she behaved logically, intelligently, did not behave according to her desires.
Last year I read Emily Bronte's 'Wuthering Heights'. I likened Heatcliff to Bronte Sisters' father.
I see reflections of sisters' lifes in their poem.

Anonymous said...

I have been reading Jane Eyre,and I have finished half of it.I had some guesses about Jane and Mr.Rochester's relationship while reading the book:))My expectations came true after the class.Now, I read the book knowing the end of it:)))
Şeyda Çeşmeci

medine said...

thanks to bronte sisters, we can read their masterpieces and ı want to mention that these sisters were unlucky in terms of their parents -father was cold and violent, as for mother, she was sick and died young.

azime said...

ı think the story of bronte sisters is very upsetting because at that time women are seen inferior to the men and they have not got as much social rights as men have...

dilek doner said...

ı think chorlotte expresses her opinions with this ı liked the theme of story ı think it is an unusual story

Unknown said...

i read the book of jane eyre,but i wanted to watch the film as well :(
i was surprised when i learnt the all sisters are writers.it must be a heritage to them from their parents :)

HİKMET ASLAN said...

I read jane eyre when ı was in high school.then ı thought the story was very complicated now I understand that women had no right so it is not suprising that a woman encountered a lot of problem...

Unknown said...

I think Jane Eyre,which was written by Charlotte Bronte is an outstanding work because Charlaotte Bronte wants to create a character which is different from women of Victorian Age.Jane Eyre's character is different from a victorian woman Jane Eyre is independent and she behaves as she wants and she works as a governess although almost all of the Victorian women do not work and Jane Eyre reflects how a woman should be so it has an important role.

Unknown said...

I admire the talent of Bronte sisters for writing since they produced fine novels like Jane Eyre( telling about life of a girl) and Wuthering Heights (depicting damages of unresolved passion) from their imaginary world and broad knowledge in such short-lived lives although they went through lives full of pain, illness and isolation in the countryside.

Unknown said...

It was a bad story because in that time women weren't free;they had to work in their houses,and they had to obey their husbands.They were like robot because they had to do what other people said..To sum up,there were no love,no peace,no comfort,and the story shows us the events and the characteristics of that time.

Yeşim ATASOY said...

The Bronte sisters created characters such as Jane Eyre that were against the norm. In Victorian period the women have limitations and there is male-dominated society. This situation is reflected in Charlotte Bronte's novel "Jane Eyre",yet in a different way. In Jane Eyre novel the limitations of the women in society is criticized by using a unladylike woman character!

Murat said...

I couldnt understand why marriage takes away all rigths.A women in angel in the house strange enough to hear.The works done by women are discerned in everywhere.For centruies,men are the power.Is there anybody can say me the result.Briefly:war,blood,tear and powder nothing than more.I want to ask a question again How many women presidents Turkey witnessed.Our women are still angel or evil somewhere around the tradition and house.

hande said...

Bronte sisters are Charlotte, Emily and Anne Bronte who were English writers between 1840s and 1850s. Their novels caused a sensation when they first published and they were accepted as important in English literature. For example, Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre is an extraordinary story and one of the most independent and strong female protagonists in literature. Jane Eyre who is poor and plain begins life as a lonely orphan in the house of her hateful aunt. Then she encounters many other difficulties in her life.

Nevin ANDAŞ said...

How can someone take your freedom and your right of life that Allah gave you? It is not fair to treat women like this. With the novel of Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte tries to distroy this gender stereotype in the minds of people who lived at that time. I apprecite her and her sisters’ fight for life they deserve against narrow-mindedness of their time.

Unknown said...

women hadn't had any right so bronte sisters and many other women writers had to publish their names by using men names. women used their husbands name and hadn't any right.I read bronte sisters' story. While ı was reading it, ı was very sad because people were very weak and died.

suat said...

I was very suprised in the class when I heard that women weren't able to use even their names at that times.They were being introduced by their husbands name.woman rights were very limited at that times.Today woman have equal rights to man.(I think they have more rights than man; if they don't want, even they don't take their husbands surname:))

Unknown said...

I watched the film of Jane Eyre to understand the topic because I was absent in this lesson. I can say It is good film like pride and prejudice. In the Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte emphasizes on woman rights and Jane Eyre is a woman who has not any relative and also money. she is a teacher, she works to train a little girl whose father is rich and older than Jane. the rich man and Jane love each other. they want to get married but there are some troubles. fournately, they get married=)) the subject is really nice.

sebahat said...

In Jane Eyre ,the women created by the Bronte Sisters are sensitive ,proud , independent-minded , and passionate.When Jane Austen 's characters and the Bronte Sister's characters are compared ,they are completely different especially in the marriages..

HİKMET ASLAN said...

We have seen that there was a limitation of women rights.They had not use their own names in her own essays.I think this was the example of the uncivilization.
In their writings,Bronte sisters used the environment of their lives.So we understand the moral situation in this period.
KEZBAN ASLAN

nihal said...

i had read JAne eyre..i have forgottten some point.But when i revised it in our course;i thanked
God not to live in those times :)

emel baytok said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
emel baytok said...

Long time ago,I read Jane Eyre.I think in that book Charlotte Bronte inspired from herself.She expressed her life by 'Jane Eyre' character. It İs very saddening to see that in victorian era the women were limited. The inequality between men and women showed itself in that era,too. This inequality was so rigid that Bronte Sisters used man names.Bronte Sisters challenged the discrimination between men and women with Jane Eyre.Thanks to Bronte Sisters as they expressed this discrimination.They showed the power of women...

emel baytok said...

In addition to other influential dimensions of the story,Jane's love to B. Rochester effected me very much,also. Despite the difficulties, Jane struggles for her love.When she learns the bad position of B.Rochester,she can't block the power of her love.She challenge to all the difficulties and they reach to happy end:) Jane Eyre is very strong character. Her bad fate starts from her childhood,but she endures all of the difficultness on her own. She symbolizes the example of 'strong woman'.

DEMET TURASAN said...

'Angels in Home' is the main point of Victorian Period. I am so inspired by Jane Eyre's attitudes towards the beliefs that are common among people in this period. Instead of accept all things that are wanted from her, she could explain her thoughts without any doubt. She is absolutely right:D:D:D

Ayşegül said...

It seems like Victorian age is another world to us but the majority of life was easier if they accepted their role in that time.I think the one thing that was different was the place of woman in society.Yet the late Victorians were very familiar with many of the things we use everyday.
While searching for the term "The Woman question" I came across the words of Adrienne Rich, influential feminist writer of the late 20th century, “We are not ‘The woman question’asked by somebody else, we are the women who ask the questions.”

Unknown said...

Brönte Sisters support the women' rights in their novel bravely, and women' situations in the society in that period are evaluated. However, it is done by male names in the beginning, but then they use their names not afraid of the society. They show in Jane Eyre that a woman wars with the difficulties, not defeated. Jane Eyre experiences a lot of rebellion in their inside. In that period, she accomplishes several things that a woman does not, with her indomitable courage.

hande said...

Among the Bronte sisters I loved most Charlotte Bronte. I have read the book Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, but I don't know the reason I liked Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte more. Maybe I have felt she is more close to me:) Charlotte Bronte wanted to create a female character who was against the norm in the novel and she is Jane. Jane is different from all the people in the Victorian age. She is going to school and then becomes a governess. Also she fells in love with a man and they decide to get married, but in the victorian age the society didn't think it was a good event that a woman fell in love with a man. Charlotte Bronte wanted to create a different woman profile and I think She became very successful. I will never forget this novell... Because it is like our Türk filmi:)))

Unknown said...

Even today women complain about their rights,and not being equal with the men.When we see the womens situation in the Victorian period,we understand the value of today,l thing there is a big gap.today women are social,they work outside home like men, they are almost equal.Charlotte bronte has a big contribution to this good situation of women in england with this work.

DİDEM GÖKTAŞ said...

Literature is always on the side of right way.Bronte sisters apply their remerkable sytle into their confinement and told the situation ofwomen in the society.It is not the concern of this century the women situation.We have not realized that women is also a person.Masculine thought is always handicapp for our logical thinkink.We are greateful these poets for their irreplacable contribution.

nihal said...

As we know illness and ealy death shortened the sisters' careers.They fighted for women rights.Their end was too sad.It is a strong contradiction :((

Unknown said...

these sisters proves the dramatic situation and the discrimination of the women by the society. women used to be isolated and served no rights in terms of socity. What's very interesting and surprising is that they used pseudonyms which were a male name. Jane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bronte, states the big discrapency established in every single segment of the society.I really admire, appreciate these kinds of brave authors. They are worth talking about.

Unknown said...

Bronte sisters criticize the limitations that were for women. they emphasized that women wont behave in the way the society want. and in Victorian period women were opressed by man by saying them they are angel at home. also I have watched the Jane Eyre's film and ıt was excellent. Jane Eyre tells the toughts of the Chorrlette Bronte.

Serhat Gümüş-080120021 said...

It is important that women have role in many parts of life,and they should do whatever necessary to use their skills.Actually I am surprised that such movements began so early with these brave women writers.Now,I understand why women are in many parts of the life like men because these movements came to our era becoming much stronger.

büşra said...

hi.. the lesson was entertaining. the thing which was the most attracting to me was the girls changing their names as men names. it was thougth that times that women could not write and they could not be successful on writing. but we saw that women can also become successful in every area. the story was very different also. their living in remote area caused them to write very different things =).. thats all =)

büşra said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Unknown said...

I think those sisters were sucessful writers.At those times people think women just care for children, cooks...But they became successful in outpacing their time.Their writings is a little bit different because of thir life syle, but still interesting